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Introduction to Networking CommandsThe operating system consists of various built-in, command-line networking utilities that are used for network troubleshooting. We will see various networking commands which are most essentials for every network administrator. Top 9 Networking CommandThese commands are as follow- 1. PingPing is used to testing a network host capacity to interact with another host. Just enter the command Ping, followed by the target host’s name or IP address. The ping utilities seem to be the most common network tool. This is performed by using the Internet Control Message Protocol, which allows the echo packet to be sent to the destination host and a listening mechanism. If the destination host reply to the requesting host, that means the host is reachable. This utility usually gives a basic image of where there may be a specific networking issue, For Example: If an Internet connection is not in the office, for instance, the ping utility is used to determine if the problem exists in the office or the Internet provider’s network. The following shows an image of how ping tools to obtain the locally connected router’s connectivity status. There are various options a user can use with the Ping command. Options are as follows-
2. NetStatNetstat is a Common TCP – IP networking command-line method present in most Windows, Linux, UNIX, and other operating systems. The netstat provides the statistics and information in the use of the current TCP-IP Connection network about the protocol. There are various options a user can use with the Netstat command. Options are as follows-
3. Ip ConfigThe command IP config will display basic details about the device’s IP address configuration. Just type IP config in the Windows prompt and the IP, subnet mask and default gateway that the current device will be presented. If you have to see full information, then type on command prompt config-all and then you will see full information. There are also choices to assist you in resolving DNS and DHCP issues. 4. HostnameTo communicate with each and other, the computer needs a unique address. A hostname can be alphabetic or alphanumeric and contain specific symbols used specifically to define a specific node or device in the network. For example, a hostname should have a domain name (TLD) of the top-level and a distance between one and 63 characters when used in a domain name system (DNS) or on the Internet. Steps to Determine Your Computer’s Name Open a terminal window and type the command given below. hostname It will provide the name of your computer. The first part of the result is the name of a computer and the second part is the name of the domain. To get only the computer name, run the following command: hostname -s The output will be localhost. Similarly, if a user wants to find out which domain system is running, then use the following command. hostname -d The IP address for the hostname can also be retrieved by using the following command.” hostname -i User can find out all the aliases for the computer by using the command given below. hostname -a 5. TracertThe tracert command is a Command Prompt command which is used to get the network packet being sent and received and the number of hops required for that packet to reach to target. This command can also be referred to as a traceroute. It provides several details about the path that a packet takes from the source to the specified destination. The tracert command is available for the Command Prompt in all Windows operating systems. The syntax for Tracert Command tracert [-d] [-h MaxHops] [-w TimeOut] target There are various options the user can use with tracert command. Options for tracert Command are as follows-
6. NslookupThe Nslookup, which stands for name server lookup command, is a network utility command used to obtain information about internet servers. It provides name server information for the DNS (Domain Name System), i.e. the default DNS server’s name and IP Address. The syntax for Nslookup is as follows. Nslookup 7. RouteIn IP networks, routing tables are used to direct packets from one subnet to another. The Route command provides the device’s routing tables. To get this result, just type route print. The Route command returns the routing table, and the user can make changes by Commands such as Route Add, Route Delete, and Route Change, which allows modifying the routing table as a requirement. 8. ARPARP stands for Address Resolution Protocol. Although network communications can readily be thought of as an IP address, the packet delivery depends ultimately on the media access control (MAC). This is where the protocol for address resolution comes into effect. You can add the remote host IP address, which is an arp -a command, in case you have issues to communicate with a given host. The ARP command provides information like Address, Flags, Mask, IFace, Hardware Type, Hardware Address, etc. 9. Path PingWe discussed the Ping command and the Tracert command. There are similarities between these commands. The pathping command which provides a combination of the best aspects of Tracert and Ping. This command takes 300 seconds to gather statistics and then returns reports on latency and packet loss statistics at intermediate hops between the source and the target in more detail than those reports provided by Ping or Tracert commands. The syntax for path ping is as follows: path ping [-n] [-h] [-g <Hostlist>] [-p <Period>] [-q <NumQueries> [-w <timeout>] [-i <IPaddress>] [-4 <IPv4>] [-6 <IPv6>][<TargetName>]
ConclusionThis article has seen various networking commands like Route, Arp, etc., along with their syntax and examples. I hope these commands will help you while troubleshooting in a quick time. Recommended ArticlesThis has been a guide to Networking Commands. Here we discuss the concept and top 9 networking commands which are available in the market. You may also look at the following articles to learn more –
Which protocol is used by the traceroute command to send and receive echo requests?The TRACERT diagnostic utility determines the route to a destination by sending Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo packets to the destination. In these packets, TRACERT uses varying IP Time-To-Live (TTL) values.
Which protocol is used by the traceroute command to send and receive echo requests and echo replies TCP ICMP Telnet SNMP navigation bar?Which protocol is used by the traceroute command to send and receive echo-requests and echo-replies? Explanation: Traceroute uses the ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) to send and receive echo-request and echo-reply messages.
Which protocol is used by traceroute?What does Traceroute Do? A traceroute works by sending Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) packets, and every router involved in transferring the data gets these packets. The ICMP packets provide information about whether the routers used in the transmission are able to effectively transfer the data.
Does traceroute use TCP or ICMP?Unlike the more traditional traceroute which sends either UDP or ICMP ECHO packets, TCP Traceroute is using TCP packets and, thus, can bypass the most common firewall filters.
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