Intel® Ethernet Adapters have a small, snap-in RJ45 connector. RJ45 cabling is also known as twisted-pair Ethernet (TPE), unshielded twisted pair (UTP), and 10BASE-T cabling. The type of cabling you must use depends on your adapter. Show Topics covered below:
Cabling basics Cables must comply with the IEEE 802.3 10BASE-T standard for two-pair, UTP cable.
The cable between the computer and the switch must be less than 100 meters long. Each signal requires a wire pair (+ and - signal polarities). Pair refers to two wires, typically of a common color base, within the larger cable. Intervening cabling hardware, such as punch down blocks and wall plates, must match or exceed the category rating of the cable. When untwisting the wire pair for crimping, don't untwist the wire more than 1/2 inch, or about 1½ turns.
Fast Ethernet and Gigabit adapters If you need to repair a cable or provide connectors for UTP cable, wire straight through (MDI cable shown): FunctionPin#Pin#TX+11TX-22RX+33RX-66
Pins 1 and 2 must be a pair. Pins 3 and 6 must be a pair. Pair refers to two wires, typically of a common color base, twisted around each other within the larger cable. To allow for a straight-through cable, the switch provides an internal transmit/receive crossover function. The transmit circuit of the network card is connected to the receive circuit of the switch and vice versa. Pinout for the RJ45 connector (suggested wire colors): 1|-- |8|brown or brown/white---|\2|-- |7|--white/brown--------------| \3|-- ----6|green or green/white----| \4|-- |5|blue or blue white--------| -5|-- |4|--white/blue-----------------| _CABLE6|-- ----3|--white/green---------------| /7|-- |2|orange or orange/white-| /8|-- |1|--white/orange--------------|/VIEWED FROM ENDVIEWED FROM TOP (opposite the retaining clip)
Pin name and function:
Cable and connector pinouts Unlike TX cabling, T4 cabling does not use separate dedicated pairs to transmit or receive data. T4 cabling uses all four pairs of wires. Three pairs transmit data, while the fourth pair detects collisions. Pin pairings: Pin#Signal1TX_D1+2TX_D1-3RX_D2+4BI_D3+5BI_D3-6RX_D2-7BI_D4+8BI_D4-
Pins 1 and 2 must be a pair. To allow for a straight-through cable, the switch provides an internal transmit/receive crossover function. The transmit circuit of the network card is connected to the receive circuit of the switch and vice versa.
Connecting two workstations without a switch Fast Ethernet and Gigabit use a star topology. A switch is in the center of a star, and each workstation or server is connected to the switch. For test purposes, you can directly connect two workstations or a workstation and a server without using a switch. The setup requires a special cable incorporating the crossover function described earlier in this document. See the below diagram for which wires to cross over. Ethernet Crossover (MDI-X) cable diagram: FunctionPin#Pin#FunctionTX+13RX+TX-26RX-RX+31TX+RX-62TX-
The receive data pair (the two wires designated RD) must be a twisted pair. The transmit data pair (designated TD) must be a twisted pair.
Ethernet crossover cable diagram Pin#SignalSignalPin#1TX_D1+RX_D2+32TX_D1-RX_D2-63RX_D2+TX_D1+14BI_D3+BI_D4+75BI_D3-BI_D4-86RX_D2-TX_D1-27BI_D4+BI_D3+48BI_D4-BI_D3-5
The receive data pair (the two wires designated RX_D2) must be a twisted pair. The transmit data pair (designated TX_D1) must be a twisted pair. The first bidirectional pair (designated BI_D3) must be a twisted pair and the second bi-directional pair (designated BI_D4) must be a twisted pair. You may use a category 3, 4, 5, or 6 cable.
Link integrity LEDs on the adapters show link integrity:
Some models use one LED to show both link and activity. Refer to your adapter installation guide or the Diagnostic LEDs Readme file for more information. NoteThe ACT LED indicates read/write activity on the network, not necessarily activity on the adapter.
Common problems If a crossed wire is in the cable or wiring closet, the switch can't detect a workstation. You should have a link light on both the switch and the adapter. Make sure the wiring is correct. Polarity problems A common problem in 10BASE-T wiring is crossing the positive and negative phases of the transmit or receive signals. For example, crossing pins 1 (TX+) and 2 (TX-). Intel® Ethernet Adapters automatically detect this problem and adjust for it internally. We recommend that you check your wiring to correct the problem. What is the minimum cable specification that supports 1000mbs Ethernet?Category 5e cable is now the minimum recognized cable for data networking applications, as defined by the current standard. Like Category 5 cable, it also is rated for up to 100 MHz frequencies. Additional performance standards enable it to support transmission speeds of up to 1000 mbps ("gigabit Ethernet").
What is the minimum type of cable needed to support 100Mbps speeds?For higher network speeds (100 Mbps or higher) CAT5e must be used, but for the almost extinct 10 Mbps speed requirements, CAT3 will suffice. CAT3, CAT4 and CAT5 cables are actually 4 pairs of twisted copper wires and CAT5 has more twists per inch than CAT3 therefore can run at higher speeds and greater lengths.
Which of the following cables are used in 1000BASEFor 1000BASE-T (1000 Mbps), use EIA/TIA Category 5 or better Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cable with a maximum length of 100 meters (328 feet) that complies with the TIA-568 wiring specification.
What gigabit Ethernet standard operates at 1000 Mbps quizlet?A technology defined by the IEEE 802.3ab standard, supports 1000 Mbps Ethernet (usually called Gigabit Ethernet) over Category 5 or higher UTP cable, using baseband signaling.
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